Resource Library

The Outpatient Facility Fee Reform Resource Library brings together resources on the outpatient facility fee billing practices, site-of-service payment differentials, and related policy reforms, such as site-neutral payment policies. By centralizing resources, this resource library makes existing evidence and analysis easily accessible to policymakers, consumer advocates, and employers, among other stakeholders.

To get started, enter a key phrase in the search bar or use the advanced search function to filter resources by resource type, payer (i.e., Medicare, Medicaid, or commercial insurance), or topic area.

Topic areas include:

• Vertical Integration: Resources on hospital acquisitions of physician practices and ambulatory surgical centers and how changes in ownership affect referral patterns, market dynamics, and spending.
• Payment Differentials: Resources analyzing the differences in prices and price growth across health care settings.
• Patients & Quality: Resources examining patient demographics, clinical outcomes, and quality metrics.
• Policy Reforms: Resources evaluating the effects of facility fee reforms, including facility fee prohibitions, site-neutral payment policies, and unique National Provider Identifiers.
• Facility Fees: Resources exploring facility fees, including their prevalence, impact on patients and employers, health care spending, and policy reforms.
• Site-Neutrality: Resources on site-neutral payment policy, including conceptual discussions and the impacts of modeled or implemented reforms.
• Billing Transparency: Resources on reforms improving visibility into facility fee billing practices, including unique National Provider Identifiers.